Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy vision, skin, and immune system function. It exists in two primary forms: 1. **Preformed Vitamin A (Retinoids)**: Found in animal products such as liver, fish, and dairy. 2. **Provitamin A (Carotenoids)**: Found in plant-based foods, particularly fruits and vegetables that are orange or dark green, such as carrots, sweet potatoes, and spinach. The body can convert carotenoids like beta-carotene into active vitamin A. **Functions of Vitamin A:** - Supports vision by helping the eyes adjust to light changes. - Plays a role in cell growth, immune system function, and reproduction. - Maintains healthy skin and mucous membranes. - Acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage. **Deficiency** can lead to: - Night blindness and dry eyes. - Weakened immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections. - Skin issues like dryness and roughness. **Toxicity** from excessive intake, particularly from supplements, can lead to symptoms like nausea, dizziness, and liver damage. The risk is higher with preformed vitamin A, as the body stores excess amounts.